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Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, arises when malignant cells form in the lining of the stomach. It's a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that can develop gradually over many years. Symptoms may include abdominal pain or discomfort, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, unexplained weight loss, bloating, difficulty swallowing, and blood in the stool.
Risk factors for stomach cancer include infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria, a history of stomach polyps, chronic gastritis, smoking, obesity, a family history of stomach cancer, and certain dietary factors such as consuming a diet high in salty, smoked, or pickled foods.
Early detection of stomach cancer is crucial for successful treatment. Diagnostic methods include endoscopy, biopsy, imaging tests such as CT scans and MRIs, and blood tests to check for tumor markers. Treatment options vary depending on the stage and location of the cancer but may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
Awareness of risk factors, regular screenings for those at higher risk, and adopting a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk of developing stomach cancer.